Technical data for Phosphorus

Overview Name Phosphorus Symbol P Atomic Number 15 Atomic Weight 30.973761998 Density 1.823 g/cm3 Melting Point 44.2 °C[note] Boiling Point 280.5 °C[note] Thermal properties Phase Solid Melting Point 44.2 °C[note] Boiling Point 280.5 °C[note] Absolute Melting Point 317.3 K[note] Absolute Boiling Point 553.6 K[note] Critical Pressure N/A Critical Temperature N/A Heat of Fusion 0.64 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization 12.4 kJ/mol Specific Heat 769.7 J/(kg K)[note] Adiabatic Index N/A Neel Point N/A Thermal Conductivity 0.236 W/(m K) Thermal Expansion N/A Bulk physical properties Density 1.823 g/cm3 Density (Liquid) N/A Molar Volume 0.000016991 Brinell Hardness N/A Mohs Hardness N/A Vickers Hardness N/A Bulk Modulus 11 GPa Shear Modulus N/A Young Modulus N/A Poisson Ratio N/A Refractive Index 1.001212 Speed of Sound N/A Thermal Conductivity 0.236 W/(m K) Thermal Expansion N/A Reactivity Valence 5 Electronegativity 2.19 ElectronAffinity 71 kJ/mol Ionization Energies 1011.8, 1907, 2914.1, 4963.6, 6273.9, 21267, 25431, 29872, 35905, 40950 kJ/mol Health and Safety DOT Hazard Class 4.1 DOT Numbers 1338, 1381, 2447 RTECS Number RTECSTH3495000 NFPA Label

Classifications Alternate Names None Names of Allotropes WhitePhosphorus, RedPhosphorus, BlackPhosphorus Block p Group 15 Period 3 Series Nonmetal Electron Configuration [Ne]3s23p3 Color Colorless Discovery 1669 in Germany Gas phase N/A CAS Number CAS7723-14-0 CID Number CID5462309 RTECS Number RTECSTH3495000 Electrical properties Electrical Type Conductor Electrical Conductivity 1×107 S/m Resistivity 1×10-7 m Ω Superconducting Point N/A Magnetic properties Magnetic Type Diamagnetic Curie Point N/A Mass Magnetic Susceptibility -1.13×10-8 m3/Kg Molar Magnetic Susceptibility -3.5×10-10 m3/mol Volume Magnetic Susceptibility -0.0000206 Abundances % in Universe 0.0007% % in Sun 0.0007% % in Meteorites 0.11% % in Earth's Crust 0.099% % in Oceans 7×10-6% % in Humans 1.1% Atomic dimensions and structure Atomic Radius 98 pm Covalent Radius 107 pm Van der Waals Radius 180 pm Crystal Structure Simple Triclinic Lattice Angles 1.25384, 1.57725, 1.24896 Lattice Constants 1145, 550.3, 1126.1 pm Space Group Name P-1 Space Group Number 2 Nuclear Properties Half-Life Stable Lifetime Stable Decay Mode N/A Quantum Numbers 4S3/2 Neutron Cross Section 0.18 Neutron Mass Absorption 0.0002 Known Isotopes 24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 31P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P Stable Isotopes 31P Isotopic Abundances 31P 100%