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Technical data for Hafnium

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Overview
NameHafnium
SymbolHf
Atomic Number72
Atomic Weight178.49
Density13.31 g/cm3
Melting Point2233 °C
Boiling Point4603 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point2233 °C
Boiling Point4603 °C
Absolute Melting Point2506 K
Absolute Boiling Point4876 K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion25.5 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization630 kJ/mol
Specific Heat144 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity23 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion5.9×10-6 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density13.31 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)12 g/cm3
Molar Volume0.0000134102
Brinell Hardness1700 MPa
Mohs Hardness5.5
Vickers Hardness1760 MPa
Bulk Modulus110 GPa
Shear Modulus30 GPa
Young Modulus78 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.37
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound3010 m/s
Thermal Conductivity23 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion5.9×10-6 K-1

Reactivity
Valence4
Electronegativity1.3
ElectronAffinity0 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
658.5, 1440, 2250, 3216 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
DOT Hazard Class
4.2
DOT Numbers2545
RTECS Number
RTECSMG4600000
NFPA LabelN/A

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group4
Period6
SeriesTransition Metal
Electron Configuration[Xe]6s24f145d2
ColorGray
Discovery
1923 in Denmark
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-58-6
CID Number
CID23986
RTECS Number
RTECSMG4600000

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity3.3×106 S/m
Resistivity3×10-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point0.128

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility5.3×10-9 m3/Kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility9.46×10-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0000705

Abundances
% in Universe7×10-8%
% in Sun1×10-7%
% in Meteorites0.000017%
% in Earth's Crust0.00033%
% in Oceans8×10-10%
% in HumansN/A

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius208 pm
Covalent Radius175 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice Constants
319.64, 319.64, 505.11 pm
Space Group NameP63/mmc
Space Group Number194

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers3F2
Neutron Cross Section104
Neutron Mass Absorption0.02
Known Isotopes
153Hf, 154Hf, 155Hf, 156Hf, 157Hf, 158Hf, 159Hf, 160Hf, 161Hf, 162Hf, 163Hf, 164Hf, 165Hf, 166Hf, 167Hf, 168Hf, 169Hf, 170Hf, 171Hf, 172Hf, 173Hf, 174Hf, 175Hf, 176Hf, 177Hf, 178Hf, 179Hf, 180Hf, 181Hf, 182Hf, 183Hf, 184Hf, 185Hf, 186Hf, 187Hf, 188Hf
Stable Isotopes
176Hf, 177Hf, 178Hf, 179Hf, 180Hf
Isotopic Abundances
174Hf0.16%
176Hf5.26%
177Hf18.6%
178Hf27.28%
179Hf13.62%
180Hf35.08%


Notes on the properties of Hafnium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

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