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Technical data for Vanadium

Click any property name to see plots of that property for all the elements.

Overview
NameVanadium
SymbolV
Atomic Number23
Atomic Weight50.9415
Density6.11 g/cm3
Melting Point1910 °C
Boiling Point3407 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point1910 °C
Boiling Point3407 °C
Absolute Melting Point2183 K
Absolute Boiling Point3680 K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion22.8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization453 kJ/mol
Specific Heat489 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity31 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion8.4×10-6 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density6.11 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)5.5 g/cm3
Molar Volume8.3374×10-6
Brinell Hardness628 MPa
Mohs Hardness7
Vickers Hardness628 MPa
Bulk Modulus160 GPa
Shear Modulus47 GPa
Young Modulus128 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.37
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound4560 m/s
Thermal Conductivity31 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion8.4×10-6 K-1

Reactivity
Valence5
Electronegativity1.63
ElectronAffinity50.6 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
650.9, 1414, 2830, 4507, 6298.7, 12363, 14530, 16730, 19860, 22240, 24670, 29730, 32446, 86450, 94170, 102300, 112700, 121600, 130700, 143400, 151440 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
DOT Hazard Class
4.1
DOT Numbers3089
RTECS NumberN/A
NFPA LabelNFPA Label

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group5
Period4
SeriesTransition Metal
Electron Configuration[Ar]4s23d3
ColorSilver
Discovery
1801 in Mexico and Sweden
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-62-2
CID Number
CID23990
RTECS NumberN/A

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity5×106 S/m
Resistivity2×10-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point5.4

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility6.28×10-8 m3/Kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility3.199×10-9 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0003837

Abundances
% in Universe0.0001%
% in Sun0.00004%
% in Meteorites0.0061%
% in Earth's Crust0.019%
% in Oceans1.5×10-7%
% in Humans3×10-6%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius171 pm
Covalent Radius153 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureBody-centered Cubic
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice Constants
303, 303, 303 pm
Space Group NameIm_ 3m
Space Group Number229

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers4F3/2
Neutron Cross Section5.06
Neutron Mass Absorption0.0033
Known Isotopes
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 51V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V
Stable Isotopes
51V
Isotopic Abundances
50V0.25%
51V99.75%


Notes on the properties of Vanadium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by
Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

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