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Technical data for Zirconium

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Overview
NameZirconium
SymbolZr
Atomic Number40
Atomic Weight91.224
Density6.511 g/cm3
Melting Point1855 °C
Boiling Point4409 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point1855 °C
Boiling Point4409 °C
Absolute Melting Point2128 K
Absolute Boiling Point4682 K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion21 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization580 kJ/mol
Specific Heat278 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity23 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion5.7×10-6 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density6.511 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)5.8 g/cm3
Molar Volume0.000014011
Brinell Hardness650 MPa
Mohs Hardness5
Vickers Hardness904 MPa
Bulk ModulusN/A
Shear Modulus33 GPa
Young Modulus67 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.34
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound3800 m/s
Thermal Conductivity23 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion5.7×10-6 K-1

Reactivity
Valence4
Electronegativity1.33
ElectronAffinity41.1 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
640.1, 1270, 2218, 3313, 7752, 9500 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
DOT Hazard Class
4.2
DOT Numbers2008
RTECS NumberN/A
NFPA LabelNFPA Label

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group4
Period5
SeriesTransition Metal
Electron Configuration[Kr]5s24d2
ColorSilver
Discovery
1789 in Germany
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-67-7
CID Number
CID23995
RTECS NumberN/A

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity2.4×106 S/m
Resistivity4.2×10-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point0.61

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility1.68×10-8 m3/Kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility1.53×10-9 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.000109

Abundances
% in Universe5×10-6%
% in Sun4×10-6%
% in Meteorites0.00066%
% in Earth's Crust0.013%
% in Oceans2.6×10-9%
% in Humans5×10-6%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius206 pm
Covalent Radius175 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice Constants
323.2, 323.2, 514.7 pm
Space Group NameP63/mmc
Space Group Number194

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers3F2
Neutron Cross Section0.184
Neutron Mass Absorption0.00066
Known Isotopes
78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 93Zr, 94Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr
Stable Isotopes
90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94Zr
Isotopic Abundances
90Zr51.45%
91Zr11.22%
92Zr17.15%
94Zr17.38%
96Zr2.8%


Notes on the properties of Zirconium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by
Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

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